Chloasma is mainly caused by liver qi stagnation and blood stasis, qi and blood deficiency, and insufficient kidney essence, which prevents qi and blood from nourishing the face. Irritability, or excessive worry, leads to liver qi stagnation, which then transforms into heat, causing liver fire to ascend to the face, damaging yin fluid, and consequently preventing qi and blood from nourishing the face. A naturally weak spleen, leading to a lack of source for the production of qi and blood, and impaired transportation and transformation, results in an inability to warm and nourish the facial skin, forming spots. Congenital deficiencies, excessive sexual activity, or chronic illness that damages the kidneys can lead to kidney essence deficiency, causing the face to lose its luster and form brown spots. The general principle of Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment is to soothe the liver and strengthen the spleen, invigorate blood and nourish blood, and tonify the liver and kidneys to reduce and eliminate chloasma.
